M16- Americas Hero! Essay Example

M16-Americas Hero! Exposition he M16 has developed alongside American Warfare. The M16 start off with a Research Project supported by the Army. The primary model of the M16 rifle was the M16A1 which had numerous issues. (Wikimedia 1) The following model was the m16a2 which was the replacement of the M16A1 that didn’t have similar issues. The accompanying model was the M16A3 which was a more up to date further developed M16 contrasted with the M16A2. (Wikimedia 1) Following the M16A3 was the M16A4 rifle that was considerably more refined and innovatively progressed than its before model.America had embraced the M16 and improved it until it turned into the weapon of decision in present day fighting. The cause of the M16 ambush rifle originated from the Operations Research Office not long after the finish of the Korean war. (Gunpedia 1) This activity was financed at Hopkins University which was supported by the United States Army. (Gunpedia 1) In 1963, an American organization named Colt got and request of 19 ,000 rifles for the United States Airforce. (Gunpedia 1) Thus the M16A1 is conceived. At that point in 1966 the United States government put in a huge acquisition of 840,000 rifles to help the developing number of troops being positioned in Vietnam. Gunpedia 1) The M16A1 demonstrated generally incapable during the war in Vietnam. This was on the grounds that the M16A1 rifle had a sticking issue and the soldiers utilizing this weapon were not set up to tidy it and keep it up on its support. (Wikimedia 1) With the periodic jam numerous losses occurred.This constrained Colt to build up another weapon that would not hold a portion of the defects of the old rifle. Along these lines the M16A2 was conceived. This new rifle didn't show any of the old rifles issues and was utilized to supplant its more established adaptation. Gunpedia 1) As the years passed by numerous developments and upgrades were made to the M16A2 attack rifle which prompted the making of the M16A3 and the M16A4 rifles. ( Wikipedia 1) These more up to date models both came out by 1996. (Gunpedia 1) This was the means by which the M16 came to be in America. The M16A1 was the principal model of the M16 attack rifle utilized by the United States. The Country of birthplace of this rifle was the United States of America. The creator of this weapon was Colt which is an American organization. This weapons creation started in 1963 in The United States. (Gunpedia 1) The M16A1 fired a 5. 56 millimeter slug. Mcnab 282) The M16A1 originally observed battle in Vietnam in 1963. (Gunpedia 1) The Rifle was utilized in wilderness fighting against the Vietnamese. The firearm was incapable in view of a sticking issue; this was reason for some setbacks. (Gunpedia 1) Although the M16A1 remained imperfect it was utilized to supplant the M14 as the United States standard infantry rifle. The M16A1’s replacement was the M16A2. America at that point moved up to the M16A2 rifle.This rifle shoot adjusts at 5. 56 millimet ers. (Mcnab 282) This rifle had flexible shoot rate extending from self-loader to three round burst. This rifle was built and first put being used in the mid nineteen eighties. Gunpedia 1) There were various redesigns done to the M16A2 to build its viability on the field. The main overhaul was a windage flexible sight that was set in the back of the conveying handle which was advanced by the United States. (Wikimedia 1) The following development was a movable stock that reached out from five to eight creeps for mobility; this was likewise an American improvement. (Wikimedia 1) Also the firearm was made heavier to convey the projectile better. Likewise there was an additional case diverter for left gave shooters. (Gunpedia 1) The hand redirector was made tube shaped to oblige for left gave shooters. Gunpedia 1) Both of these headways had been made by American organizations. In spite of the fact that this was a colossal headway it was for the most part utilized uniquely in National Gu ard and the Navy by Navy Seals for Special Ops missions. (Wikimedia 1) The following model made was the M16A3. The M16A3 was the Rifle model made after the M16A2. The M16A3 had a self-loader mode and furthermore upheld a completely programmed setting too. (Gunpedia 1) This rifle is generally alluded to as a M16A2 with a completely programmed setting and a Picatani rail. (Wikimedia 1) This is a typical misguided judgment in light of the fact that the M16A3 underpins a lot a greater number of highlights than simply these to.Although this was another model it wasn’t broadly utilized in the United States military. This was likely because of its practically indistinguishable highlights with the M16A2. This firearm was generally utilized by the Navy Seals and was requested alongside a bigger cluster of M16A4s. (Gunpedia 1) Colt was the maker of this weapon. (Wikipedia 1) After these models of creation were put out in 1994 another model of M16A4s came in. The M16A4 is as of now the most up to date model of the M16s. This rifle’s nation of root in the United States of America. (Wikimedia 1) The architect of this weapon of this weapon was the American organization Colt.This weapons creation began in 1994 in America. (Gunpedia 1) The A4 fires a 5. 56 millimeter slug and is gas worked. (Mcnab 282) This weapon is being utilized in Iraq and Afghanistan today. This rifle is the most present day rifle with the most progressions in the line of M16s. Despite the fact that this is the most elite with regards to M16’s this rifle is being eliminated of the U. S. military by 2010 being gradually supplanted by the M4 Carbine. (Wikimedia 1) America had begun with nothing and manufactured its way to the most current weapons we use today. America had begun with the hazardous M16A1 rifle.After a progression to the discharging system America had made the M16A2 rifle. With numerous enhancements to the M16A2 rifle came the M16A3 and the M16A4 Rifles which are the most present day rendition of the M16 ambush rifle today. America has made a lot of progression in innovative warfare.Mcnab, Chris. Twentieth-Century Small Arms. Metro Books. New York, NY 1001, 122 fifth road, 2001. gt; (source 1) lt;†M16 Rifle† Wikipedia. 2010. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/M16_rifle

Alternative Pain Management-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Identify the most evident similitudes and contrasts between your picked strategy, or system or convention. 2.Discuss utilizing proof why you trust one of these approaches, or methodology, or conventions is more thorough than the other. 3.Focuss on the distinctions recommend potential reasons why this may be the situation eg: social contrasts, another Organization instead of an old one, size of the association, significance of the strategy to the associations customer base, assets accessible to the association and so on. Answers: Presentation Agony the executives is a urgent territory of medicinal services benefits and is increasing more significance in the applicable field as time passes. The upsurge in the pace of complex serious ailment all inclusive is requesting for increasingly substitute torment the board methodology to be actualized. This is especially valuable in adapting up to the difficulties looked in end-of-life palliative consideration. In this regard, individuals experiencing sicknesses, for example, malignancy frequently need to experience forceful treatment strategies. This occasionally brings about horrendous agony in the patients and need to suitable moderation procedures. Furthermore, individuals experiencing diabetic neuropathy regularly auxiliary rheumatoid joint inflammation making development hard for them. 1.Similarities and contrasts between picked techniques The elective agony the board systems are utilized related to regular prescriptions and are known as complimentary medication. A portion of the normal methods of elective agony the executives techniques are fragrance based treatment, yoga, needle therapy, unwinding and natural cures. The general objective of the use of elective agony the executives techniques is to advance by and large recuperating of the brain and body. The strategy infers a somewhat all encompassing perspective is executed, where a great part of the accentuation is given to physical and mental prosperity of the individuals. A portion of the relational characteristics, for example, empathy and care should be set in the technique. In any case, both the methodologies are individual focused and give adequate force and independence to the patients in choosing their picked techniques for care. For the present examination, we have picked exchange torment the executives, which depends on various methodology. Here, we have focussed upon pharmacological just as non-pharmacological methods. The pharmacological pathway is principally needy upon the organization of drugs and infusions for controlling agony in the patients. On the opposite , The non-pharmacological pathway is for the most part focussed upon the all encompassing consideration approaches for diminishing the intense side effects in the patients. The patients experiencing spinal and musculoskeletal issues might be given physiotherapy treatment techniques. A portion of these incorporate spinal and furthest point control, useful preparing, restorative exercise. Moreover, persistent training and advising can likewise help in the administration of the side effects of agony however social control (Argoff, 2014). This is otherwise called biofeedback where the patients are given more authority over their body and relative agony the board by controlling their reaction or practices. In any case, for intense agony the board a portion of the compelling prescriptions which could be followed are non-steroidal calming drugs, mellow and solid narcotics. These are commonly utilized for the control of inordinate agony in patients experiencing tumors and other comparable circumstances. As contended by Chou et al .(2016), insulin organization two times each day to keep blood glucose levels in charge regularly gets irritating for the patients. In this way, giving them interchange clinical methodologies and arrangements helps in lessening the wellbeing limitations. A portion of the substitute non-pharmacological treatments which can be utilized for managing the day by day wellbeing state of the patients are light strolling and running activities. In this unique circumstance, conditions, for example, diabetes are frequently observed to be related with disturbed conditions inside the patient, which brings about expanding of the hands and legs. As remarked by Trail-Mahan et al. (2013), light activities have been believed to build the degrees of serotonin and dopamine in the patients, which go about as a temperament lift. Nonetheless, for the taking care of and the executives of agony in palliative or end of life care non-pharmacological mediations alone are not adequate and need broad medication treatment over longer periods. 2.Comparison of the strategies The examination further thinks about the two distinct ways to deal with torment the board which are pharmacological and non-pharmacological methodologies. So as to look at the two mediation strategies, we have to consider the techniques in detail. Non-pharmacologic torment the board The non-pharmacologic intercession decreases the reliance on analgesics alongside lessening the conceivable symptoms. There are some of extra advantages of utilizing substitute and non-pharma mediation techniques. A portion of these are improving state of mind, diminishing tension inside the patient populace, giving the patient more self-governance. The decision of treatment is fixed relying on various evaluations, for example, kind of the agony, length of the torment, seriousness of the torment, the inclinations of the patient and their separate relatives (Volkow and McLellan, 2016). In light of these three unique methodologies have been talked about here which incorporates the mental methodologies, physical rehabilitative methodologies, careful methodologies. The point of the fuse of such techniques is to furnish the patients with extra security. The mental methodologies incorporate giving intellectual social treatment, biofeedback, unwinding and psychotherapy. One of the most utilized and downplayed elective torment the executives approaches utilized is biofeedback. The technique is utilized by clinician to break down the mind of patients who feel defenseless and feeble. The modern biofeedback instruments permit the customers to see inconspicuous changes in their physiological exercises. The automated projects permit the patient to comprehend their responses to inward and outside stressors. The outer stressors incorporate weight at work, while the inner stressors incorporate the weight of our own considerations and recognitions. As declared by Deyo (2015), such investigation helps the patients in dealing with a portion of their day by day set of exercises, for example, breathing, pulse, muscle pressure. The intellectual conduct treatment, then again, permits the patient to concentrate on the bigger picture. It depends on diverting the consideration of the patient to progressively positive stuff, for example, diversions, investing energy with the friends and family and families. A portion of the unwinding methods which could be applied here are profound breathing which controls the degree of the flight hormone and decreases the impression of torment in the patients. Anyway as contended by Schug and Goddard (2014), furnishing the patients with mellow antidepressants could likewise help in delivering a quieting impact in the event of intense torment. Hence, subjective social treatments alone are not adequate for viable torment the executives in the patients. The physical rehabilitative methodologies are for the most part dependent on teaching of light activities inside the day by day schedule of the patients. As remarked by Schreiber et al. (2014), such techniques are powerful in torment the executives in constant non-malignant growth torments (CNCP). In this regard, pose preparing and ergonomics of human services units are additionally mulled over for furnishing the patient with better consideration and diminishing the torment of the patients. The careful methodologies are given in most extreme situations where both the pharmacological and the non-pharmacological techniques neglect to offer adequate help to the patients. With regards to tumor expulsion, the becoming undifferentiated mass of tissue might be building consistent weight against the nerves. This outcomes in the advancement of intense agony inside the patients and could be just restored with the assistance of careful mediations. In any case, as contended by Gelinas et al.(2013), the intercession of the least obtrusive careful methodologies have helped in the decrease of nervousness in the patients with respect to the geniuses and the outcomes. A portion of the modern techniques, for example, laparoscopy and sonication have been seen as viable in expelling tumors and annihilating tumor related torment (Jensen and Turk, 2014). The medical procedures are regularly trailed by equal organization of narcotics for after careful torment the board. Pharmacological torment the executives The pharmacological agony the executives can be partitioned into a few sorts dependent on the sort of torment and the specific sort of medications utilized for controlling the torment. The conversation has been founded on the normally utilized medications and the general systems followed for deciding the medication portions. The medication could be separated into a few classes, for example, non-narcotic analgesics, narcotic analgesics and co-analgesics. The non-steroidal analgesics incorporate acetaminophen non-steroidal mitigating drugs. A portion of the center drugs which have a place with this gathering are headache medicine and salicylic corrosive subordinates. These have been known to lessen the vibe of torment in the torment in the patient transience and are applied locally. The narcotic here are a class of medication got from opium poppy and are endorsed for the administration of torment in the patients (Chou et al. 2016). This class of medications have been believed to create an assortment of manifestations in the patients, for example, gentle disarray or sluggishness to mind flights in the extraordinary cases. In this way, the narcotics are regularly offset with light physical activities and dynamic day by day schedules, which lessen the propensity of reliance on medication alone. As affirmed by Volkow and McLellan (2016), high occurrences of narcotic neurotoxicity have called for elective interchange arrangements or systems. In this regard, a portion of the non-narcotic meds have been seen as compelling in co

Controversial Topics For a Persuasive Essay

Controversial Topics For a Persuasive EssayA persuasive essay is not just a 'point and click' process; it takes time and skill to make an engaging essay that will engage your reader. Although the typical persuasive essay writer can write a powerful essay in under one hour, many writers find that they need a little more time to produce a high quality article.As with any persuasive essay, the first thing you should do is research the topic. You can conduct research yourself by interviewing people who have researched the topic or by conducting some research yourself. There are a number of free websites on the Internet that allow you to post your own research or ask questions to experts in the field. Conducting a search for 'controversial topics for a persuasive essay'controversial essay topics' will help you locate topics that you may be interested in writing about.Write down the five points you want to include in your persuasive essay. Determine if you will use a thesis statement or a summary statement. For the sake of brevity, you may choose to write a longer thesis statement than a shorter summary statement. The reason for this is that a shorter statement generally includes a number of points that need to be substantiated before you can move on to the main body of the essay.To help you remember what is most important to your argument, you may want to write down five powerful points. Your list should contain strong statements about one or two topics. Once you have the five points, write down the reasons why those points are important. This should assist you as you create your argument.Now that you have your strong argument, write a short, five to six paragraph essay about why the other side has a weak argument. Use as many points and evidences as possible to support your arguments. Although most people do not like to read a lot of facts and figures, you may find that it will help to compose a persuasive essay from a talking point perspective. This is important t o remember when writing a persuasive essay.If you choose to use testimonials instead of writing directly from the other side's perspective, make sure to use the strong points. You will need to include evidence to prove that their position is weak. While you may need to do some research before you present a case, it will be much easier when you are able to include the strong points directly in your essay. This will also make it easier to distinguish between the different points when writing your essay.In addition to using your strong arguments, you will need to present statistics. These statistics should prove that your argument is true. Again, it will be much easier to present solid evidence for your argument when you can cite it as a fact. It is best to list your data and statistics in order so that you can track your progress throughout the writing process. While you may use common sense to validate your facts, it is more difficult to do so when there are so many variables involve d.Regardless of how you plan to write your persuasive essay, make sure that you always use the facts and details when you present your facts. A persuasive essay will be more compelling if you include your facts, and they should have an element of truth to them.

Interlanguage Definition and Examples

Interlanguage is the type of language or linguistic system used by second- and foreign-language learners who are in the process of learning a target language. Interlanguage pragmatics is the study of the ways non-native speakers acquire, comprehend, and use linguistic patterns or speech acts in a second language. Interlanguage theory is generally credited to Larry Selinker, an American professor of applied linguistics whose article Interlanguage appeared in the January 1972 issue of the journal International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. Examples and Observations [Interlanguage] reflects the learners evolving system of rules, and results from a variety of processes, including the influence of the first language (transfer), contrastive interference from the target language, and the overgeneralization of newly encountered rules. (David Crystal, A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics) Fossilization The process of learning a second language (L2) is characteristically non-linear and fragmentary, marked by a mixed landscape of rapid progression in certain areas but slow movement, incubation, or even permanent stagnation in others. Such a process results in a linguistic system known as interlanguage (Selinker, 1972), which, to varying degrees, approximates that of the target language (TL). In the earliest conception (Corder, 1967; Nemser, 1971; Selinker, 1972), interlanguage is metaphorically a halfway house between the first language (L1) and the TL, hence inter. The L1 is purportedly the source language that provides the initial building materials to be gradually blended with materials taken from the TL, resulting in new forms that are neither in the L1 nor in the TL. This conception, though lacking in sophistication in the view of many contemporary L2 researchers, identifies a defining characteristic of L2 learning, initially known as fossilization (Selinker, 1972) and later on broadly referred to as incompleteness (Schachter, 1988, 1996), relative to the ideal version of a monolingual native speaker. It has been claimed that the notion of fossilization is what spurs the field of second language acquisition (SLA) into existence (Han and Selinker, 2005; Long, 2003). Thus, a fundamental concern in L2 research has been that learners typically stop short of target-like attainment, i.e., the monolingual native speakers competence, in some or all linguistic domains, even in environments where input seems abundant, motivation appears strong, and opportunity for communicative practice is plentiful. (ZhaoHong Han, Interlanguage and Fossilization: Towards an Analytic Model in Contemporary Applied Linguistics: Language Teaching and Learning) Universal Grammar A number of researchers pointed out quite early on the need to consider interlanguage grammars in their own right with respect to principles and parameters of U[niversal] G[rammar], arguing that one should not compare L2 learners to native speakers of the L2 but instead consider whether interlanguage grammars are natural language systems (e.g., duPlessis et al., 1987; Finer and Broselow, 1986; Liceras, 1983; Martohardjono and Gair, 1993; Schwartz and Sprouse, 1994; White, 1992b). These authors have shown that L2 learners may arrive at representations which indeed account for the L2 input, though not in the same way as the grammar of a native speaker. The issue, then, is whether the interlanguage representation is a possible grammar, not whether it is identical to the L2 grammar. (Lydia White, On the Nature of Interlanguage Representation in The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition) Psycholinguistics [T]he significance of interlanguage theory lies in the fact that it is the first attempt to take into account the possibility of learner conscious attempts to control their learning. It was this view that initiated an expansion of research into psychological processes in interlanguage development whose aim was to determine what learners do in order to help facilitate their own learning, i.e., which learning strategies they employ (Griffiths Parr, 2001). It seems, however, that the research of Selinkers learning strategies, with the exception of transfer, has not been taken up by other researchers. (ViÃ… ¡nja PaviÄ ić TakaÄ , Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Foreign Language Acquisition)

Who are Charles and Ray Eames

The husband-and-wife team of Charles and Ray Eames became famous for their furniture, textiles, industrial designs, and practical, economical residential architecture. The couple met at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan, coming to the world of design from two paths—he was a trained architect and she was a trained painter and sculptor. Art and architecture merged when they married in 1941, forming a partnership that became one of Americas foremost mid-century modern design teams.  They shared credit for all their design projects. Charles Eames (born June 17, 1907 in St. Louis, Missouri) spent two years in the architecture program at Washington University in St. Louis, famously being asked to leave after challenging the course curriculum—he asked why Beaux-Arts architecture was being elevated in light of the modernist successes of the young upstart Frank Lloyd Wright?   After leaving architecture school, Eames and his first wife left for Europe in 1927, in search of more modernist architecture than St. Louis could offer. Europe in the 1920s was the time of Adolf Loos, Bauhaus, Le Corbusier,   the modern furniture designs of Mies van der Rohe, and experiments with what became known as the International Style of architecture. Returning to America in 1929, he joined with Charles M. Gray to form the firm of Gray and Eames, which designed stained glass, textiles, furniture and ceramics. By 1938 he had a fellowship to study at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan, where he collaborated with another yo ung modernist, Eero Saarinen, and eventually became head of the industrial design department. While at Cranbook, Eames divorced his first wife to marry Ray Kaiser, who had become a colleague with Eames and Saarinen. Known simply as Ray, Bernice Alexandra Kaiser (born December 15, 1912 in Sacramento, California) studied painting with the abstract expressionist artist Hans Hofmann. The ability to simplify means to eliminate the unnecessary so that the necessary may speak, has long been Hofmanns inspirational quotation. Rays art immersion in New York City and in Provincetown, Massachusetts from 1933-1939 meant living simply (eliminating the unnecessary) and being baptized by modernism. She retained her modern art circle of friends when she, too, went off to study at the Cranbrook Academy. The attraction, of course, was Eliel Saarinen, father of Eero and president / designer of this new art school that was to rival the Bauhaus in Germany. At Cranbook, the Finnish-born Saarinens presented the modernist works of another Finn, Alvar Aalto. The bending of wood, the elegance of simple design, the economy of art and architecture—all were absorbed by the eager Charles and Ray.   After marrying in 1941, Charles and Ray Eames moved to Los Angeles to mass produce their simple ideas. They experimented with molded, flexible, adaptable furniture and storage units for homes and public spaces. They also designed the machinery and production methods needed to manufacture their furnishings. The Eameses believed that a house should be flexible enough to accommodate work and play. Charles and Ray Eames helped supply affordable housing for veterans returning to the United States after World War II. Houses designed by the Eameses featured high-quality prefabricated materials that were mass produced for efficiency and affordability. 1949: Eames House (Also known as Case Study House #8)1949: Case Study House #9 (Entenza House)1951: Kwikset Prefabricated House, prototype house kit for Kwikset Lock Company1954: De Pree House, Zeeland, Michigan Charles Eames died of a heart attack   August 21, 1978 in St. Louis, Missouri. Ray Eames died August 21, 1988 in Los Angeles—exactly a decade after her husband. The Eameses were among Americas most important designers, celebrated for their contributions to architecture, industrial design, and furniture design.   Who has not sat in an Eames chair around the office conference table or in a classroom at the public school? The role the Eames duo played in modernizing North America is often explored in exhibitions throughout the world. Charles had a daughter,  Lucia Jenkins Eames, with his first wife. Lucia and her son, Eames Demetrios, grandson of Charles, set up the foundations that have preserved the legacy of the Eames ideas. Eames Demetrios TED talk, The design genius of Charles Ray Eames, was filmed in 2007. Learn More: EAMES: The Architect and the Painter, documentary by Jason Cohn and Bill Jersey, 2011 DVDEames: Beautiful Details by Eames Demetrios, 2012Powers of Ten: A Flipbook, based on the film by Charles and Ray Eames, 1998The Films of Charles Ray Eames, DVD

Business Ethics And Social Responsibility - 1828 Words

Introduction Businesses nowadays hold a lot of responsibility when developing and selling products/service ethically. Business ethics is the discussion that many scholars are talking about in securing a business’s reputation and success. In this paper, I will be tackling the surrounding ideals when it’s comes to business ethics and how a business should be run in order to have social responsibility. In addition, the theories that are based around these topics will be added into a scholarly debate to fully capture the insight of the field. We will look at the discourse community in terms of how the scientific studies of marketing ethics is defined and established (normative theories, moral philosophy, logics, etc.). Afterwards, we will†¦show more content†¦After defining ethics, the authors go further and continue with the normative theories to explain how ethics is evaluated. Cavangh et al who is referenced, describe the theories of ethics into three categories: Utilitaria n theories, theories of rights, and theories of justice. Utilitarian is based in terms of their consequences; theories of rights that emphasizes the entitlements of an individual, and finally justice, which is the distributional effect of actions. With the theories, the authors use them to analyze the literature surrounding ethics in marketing: Ethical codes, Normative ethical decision models, articles related to a specific area of marketing, and articles on ethical abuses in marketing. Companies institutionalize ethics in order to save the business’s integrity. â€Å"Code of conduct is one of the most pervasive responses used by the business community as a way to improve ethical conduct. In the last decade, most major corporations have introduced some form of written code of ethics (Lewin, 1983).† (Fritzche and Tsalikis, 701). 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Positive and Negative Impacts of Imprisonment

Question: Discuss about thePositive and Negative Impacts of Imprisonment. Answer: Introduction According to Liebling and Maruna (2012), imprisonment refers to the state of being held as captive thereby restraining an individuals liberty. The prisoners are provided with sentence, which defines their penalty scales for the crime committed. Imprisonment has both positive and negative impacts on the individual as well as their families, which have been thoroughly addressed in this essay. The psychological effects on both individuals and families have been assessed. Moreover, the essay intends to state the positive effects of imprisonment, which may help in reducing crime rates. The thesis statement of this essay will analyze the positive and negative effects of imprisonment critically. There is no particular reason why individuals turn into criminals. The scholars will identify several principles and urges such as satisfaction, poverty, gratification, hunger and others, which make people commit crimes. The roots of criminal are in the way individuals think or take decisions. Nobody is born a criminal, but the societal and environmental factors make them so. The main purpose of imprisonment is to reform, deterrence and removal of criminals, which pose a threat to the society. The essay will discuss the rehabilitation of the prisoners, abuse of prisoners, mental problems and effects of imprisonment on children. The researchers argue if prison is effective for deterrence or rehabilitation. The aim of this essay is to address the issues faced due to imprisonment in detail. The challenges faced by the prisoners after they serve their sentencing period are also identified. Not only the family and wider community, this essay intends to specifically state the impact of imprisonment on children (Baron and Kennedy 2014). Discussion All these negative symptoms and the disorders follow the individuals even after they are released from the prison. Not only that, all these disorders most of the times prevent them to live a normal and peaceful life. Many social workers have suggested rehabilitation programs as effective solutions to this issue and thus thorough research works have been made on developing several other effective ways of assisting the released inmates. However, it is necessary enough to demonstrate that there is still a great deal that all the common people have to learn regarding the negative impacts of prison as well as how to effectively treat them (Baron and Kennedy 2014). The extent of the jail sentences in all these circumstances is significant because those with long verdicts are not capable to avoid observing some traumatizing actions. These proceedings leave them expressively spoiled and transform the way they outlook further human beings (Darley 2015). Mental/Physical Health Concerns World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledges that some people who were in the prison can cause some serious health damage to others. In spite of this fact, the World Health Organization Mental Health in Prisons Project settled that for the mass of captives, incarceration was probable to have the mentioned impacts. It leads to segregation from the relatives and other social networks (Donohue 2012). The imprisonment leads to strict surroundings, hammering of privacy and the criminals shall be deprived of physical and disinfected circumstances. There is lack in determined movement of personnel control and loss of individuality. The prisoners undergo a pressure to flee or to intake drugs (Donohue and Siegelman 2014). Apart from the above issues, the prisoners also face disgrace and stigmatization (Johnson and Easterling 2012). Being in Prison Too Long Causes Problems Arditti (2012) has stated that for the prisoners who were in the cells for a long time, it becomes both exciting and daunting for them to watch the world outside the prison. It is argued that the prisoners who were close to the release from prison life faced anxiety, irritability, restlessness as well as inability to sleep properly. All these feelings were reasoned by the dread of being unsuspecting for the earth that they were away for a long time (Geller et al. 2012). There is a need to conduct rehabilitation programs in prison to maintain positive psychological health. For example, the cognitive skills can be improved which would helped the prisoners in solving their problems. Moreover, it would enhance the prisoners to understand their personal values. Vocational programs may be conducted that would help the prisoners n obtaining a job after they serve sentence period. The prisoners must also be rehabilitated using correctional programs for preventing crimes in future (Maschi and Aday 2014). Dmitrieva et al. (2012) have mentioned in his research paper that although imprisonment seems like a distant possibility for many peoples in the society, incarceration rates in different parts of the globe, especially in Australia are steadily increasing. A recent study has revealed the fact that 41% of the youthful adults have been detained by their age of 23. The justice subdivision of Australia has accounted that there is 6% increase in the number of prisoners in adult corrective service custody (Abs.gov.au 2016). However, it is necessary to mention that this statistics has gone up to 32% for African-American men. These reports presently have stated that more than half of the prisoners are identified with a psychological physical condition disarray (Haskins 2014). Prisoner Abuse It can be easily said that still for the most hard-bitten criminal, the penitentiary can be a frightening place undoubtedly and the rules, regulations, practices and environment in that region affect them largely. According to the reports compiled by an Australian Justice Department agency, 60% of women captives in Australian prison are sexually harassed each year inside the wall every year (unsw.edu.au 2016). However, it is necessary to mention that violence is not limited among the inmates, the guards of the prison as well work under tremendous pressure and high-stress surroundings. This increases their chances of flattering in highly aggressive manner. With little wish for reporting mistreatment by the protectors, some prisoners might tolerate spoken mistreatment, bullying of corporeal aggression and even some assaults. Turney and Wildeman (2013) have mentioned in their research paper that women convicts are at a risk of being more sexually battered by the prisons protectors. Ther efore, it can be stated that this ongoing climate of trauma can easily create a deep sense of apprehension, depression and terrors in the prisoners who before had no severe cerebral fitness issues. Turney, Wildeman and Schnittker (2012) have stated that many people in the society might think that prisons are nothing but the facilities where the criminal are incarcerated and deprived of their freedoms at the time of serving a sentence for their crimes. It is expected that an inmates experience whilst locked up would depart such a long-lasting notion that a previous prisoners would do anything it would tend to avoid a subsequent phrase. Apart from that, Schnittker, Massoglia and Uggen (2012) have mentioned in their research paper that a large number of prisoners basically learn new as well as better ways of committing crimes at the time they are locked up with their fellow criminals (Berliner 2013). A major negative consequence of imprisonment is at that time had been the lack of training for the employees, the potential for conflict of interest as well as the reduction of staffs in the private prisons (Johnson and Easterling 2012). Apart from that, it can be seen that the staffs furthermore had been put in the conditions where conflicts of interest could have been arrived (Wildeman and Turney 2014). This practice affected the morale of the staffs largely and this was undoubtedly disappointing. Besides, it can be found out that an audit of private prisons in Victoria revealed the fact that some incidents like violence among the prisoners as well as attempted suicides at the Metropolitan Womens Correctional Centre often takes place and this is undoubtedly disappointing (Johnson and Easterling 2012). Haney (2012) has stated that a curious feature of discourse regarding criminal justice system is that most of the people commonly ignore one of its major shareholders, i.e. children of the prisoners. A prisoners imprisonment can have a highly overwhelming effect on the relatives, particularly when the children are concerned at large scale. It is most traumatic when the captive was the head of the family circle. The children are teased, humiliated and this negatively affects them (Berliner 2013). It is understood that along with the general influences of imprisonment on the family life of the victims, children most of the times experience some particular effects and these have been mentioned here in details. It is argued that the children of the criminals are generally at higher risks of developing mental health issues than the children without imprisoned parents. Berliner (2013) has stated that visiting can be highly difficult for the children with very little facilities that are not child friendly and this affects the nature of the students. Most importantly, it can be stated that in case of longer terms, the children of prisoners are generally three times are more likely to engage in ant types of anti-social or some offending behaviour than their peers who do not have a parent in prison. They show developmental delays and gaps as compared to the other students in the class. The children perform poorly in the school. They commit multiple serious criminal actions (Wildeman and Muller 2012). It can be stated that few of the circumstances that are imposed on the victims are as cruel the loss of independence. Haskins (2014) has stated that the inmates, specifically those serving their sent ences in utmost amenities or in particular treatment elements, must exist in earth where their liberty of movement is strictly restricted as well as synchronised. It can be stated that, the environment of the inmates are typified by a huge number of regulations as well as instructions that are intended to manage their performance. However, some have argued that the inmates are not inferior off than the individual in free society who is synchronised in many features of their lives by the dictates of custom (Turanovic, Rodriguez and Pratt 2012). Many prisoners express an intense unfriendliness against the far-reaching reliance on the decisions of alterations that is what makes their limited potentiality to make the choices and this is one of the main deficiencies of custody (Arditti 2012). After discussing all the negative impacts of imprisonment, it is necessary enough to mention some positive effects of imprisonment on the prisoners. Johnson and Easterling (2012) have mentioned in his research paper that the prisoners are provided the opportunity to earn self-esteem. It can be stated that not all the people in the prisons are murderers and thus the imprisonment affects them negatively. Regardless it is notable to mention that some people are in the prisons, have made some horrible mistakes and thus it can be stated that working gives them the chances to feel valued. Apart from that, it can be stated that in the prisons, many prisoners learn a skill or trade and this solely assists them to someday become a productive member of the society. From the research works and the discussions of Wildeman and Turney (2014), it can be found out that prisoners work for much less money and this assists to gradually lower down the taxes. Therefore, it can be stated that imprisonment all the time not only leaves negative impacts on the prisoners, it leaves some positive impacts as well. Imprisonment ultimately removes criminals from the society and makes the society free from any kinds of crime. It can maintain a pattern of peace in the society. Imprisonment also reduces the chance of the children to become criminal in future. The fear of imprisonment prevents them to initiate any illegal activities. Therefore, it forms a clean and secure society towards societal development. Moreover, imprisonment deters repeatable offenders and reduces the possibility of crime in the society. Apart from that, effective rehabilitation process makes the prisoners to be responsible citizen after their release. Crime is a growing issue and a serious concern in the world. The people have a perception that criminals must be imprisoned as it would be the best way to punish them. The main purpose of imprisonment is to detain the people from committing further crimes. There are other arguments also made for imprisonment as an effective solution for punishment. It is also stated that punishment might fail but rehabilitation would work. The threat of prisons helps in changing the lives of people for good. The substance-abusing criminals can get clean and sober as they find it intimating to go to jail. The studies show that the best method to reduce crime is providing longer prison sentences. This strategy could potentially beneficial society as a whole, as there would be less scope for violence, stealing and committing murder. It is argued that imprisonment with longer sentence period gives the criminals an opportunity to re-think about the crime committed. Furthermore, by providing education in p rison, the criminal may feel guilty which would help him make a better person (Chung 2012). It is argued that imprisonment serves two main purposes: to punish wrongdoers and removing danger which are a threat in the global world. Another justification can be made regarding prison helping the prisoners to reform their characters. For example, incarceration is necessary for the people who are committing huge crimes such as serial killers. The positive side is prison helps in protecting the society from the harm that may be caused if not controlled. While there have been arguments about prison turning criminals in professionals who would reoffend as soon as they are released, there are arguments in favour of imprisonment about giving people a chance to conquer their drug habit. The people may also be given an opportunity for causing a revolution in their lifestyle (Dagger 2014). Chettiar (2015) argues that the crime rates in Australia have significantly decreased. The Australian Justice System has stringent regulations for the criminals with tougher sentences because of which the crime rate has fallen. All the prisoners are bound by strict regime of sanction and privilege (hrlc.org.au 2016). The growth in incarceration helped in reducing the crime rates in 1990s by 5 percent (Chettiar 2015). In Australia, both low-level and non-violent criminals were sent to prison due to which the rate of crime was effectively brought down. This effect is called incapacitation effect where the individuals are removed from society for the greater good and preventing crimes. Again, it is argued that the gender balance is disrupted for the some reason. About 2.7 million minors have their parent imprisoned, which brings about negative effects (Chettiar 2015). However, rather than making long prison sentences, community services and educational programs may be offered in prison that would make the world a better place to live in. Prison must be used as a source of changing the attitude of criminals rather than infuriating their behaviour. Conclusion Conclusively, imprisonment has both positive and negative effects. Although some people would question the necessity of imprisoning criminals or offenders, the others state that imprisonment hurts the life chances of the ones who are incarcerated. However, it is inferred that imprisonment must be considered as an opportunity of saving the conscious of people and regaining the morale of offenders. Longer prison sentences may reduce the rates of crime and violence in the society. But it does not eliminate the threat of crime completely as the criminals may offend or commit crimes right after they get over with their sentence period. The Government should especially take care of the mental health of the prisoners. It will help them keep a psychological balance within the prisoners. Imprisonment can protect the community through incapacitation as the crime rate shall reduce likely. While there are people, who believe prisons are nothing more than facilities where criminals are deprived o f their liberty, it is also true that imprisonment intends to rehabilitate prisoners. The rehabilitation programs shall give an opportunity for academic education and vocational training in which the prisoners shall have an opportunity to enhance their personal values. Reference List Abs.gov.au. 2016.4517.0 - Prisoners in Australia, 2015. [online] Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4517.0 [Accessed 17 Nov. 2016]. Arditti, J.A., 2012.Parental incarceration and the family: Psychological and social effects of imprisonment on children, parents, and caregivers. NYU Press. Ashkar, P. and D. Kenny 2013. Views from the Inside: Young Offenders Subjective Experiences of Incarceration. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 52: 584597. Baron, S.W. and L.W. Kennedy 2014. Deterrence and Homelessness Male Street Youths. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 40(1): 2760. Berliner, D., 2013. Effects of inequality and poverty vs. teachers and schooling on Americas youth.Teachers College Record,115(12), pp.1-26. Briscoe, S. 2014. Raising the Bar: Can Increased Statutory Penalties Deter Drink-Drivers? Accident Analysis and Prevention, 36: 919929. Chen, M.K. and J.M. Shapiro 2014. Do Harsher Prison Conditions Reduce Recidivism? A Discontinuity-Based Approach. American Law and Economics Review, 9(1): 129. Chettiar, I., 2015. Locking More People Up is Counterproductive. [online] The Atlantic. Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/02/the-many-causes-of-americas-decline-in-crime/385364/ [Accessed 11 Nov. 2016]. Dagger, R., 2014. Playing Fair with Imprisonment. The Good Society, 23(1), pp.30-40. Darley, J.M. 2015. On the Unlikely Prospect of Reducing Crime Rates by Increasing the Severity of Prison Sentences. Journal of Law and Policy, 13: 189208. Dmitrieva, J., Monahan, K.C., Cauffman, E. and Steinberg, L., 2012. Arrested development: The effects of incarceration on the development of psychosocial maturity.Development and psychopathology,24(03), pp.1073-1090. Donohue, J. 2012. Assessing the Relative Benefits of Incarceration: The Overall Change over the Previous Decades and the Benefits on the Margin. In S. Raphael and M.A. Stoll (eds). Do Prisons Make Us Safer? The Benefits and Costs of the Prison Boom. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Donohue, J.J. and P. Siegelman 2014. Allocating Resources among Prisons and Social Programs in the Battle against Crime. Journal of Legal Studies, 27: 143. Geller, A., Cooper, C.E., Garfinkel, I., Schwartz-Soicher, O. and Mincy, R.B., 2012. Beyond absenteeism: Father incarceration and child development.Demography,49(1), pp.49-76. Haney, C., 2012. Prison effects of in the age of mass incarceration.The Prison Journal, p.0032885512448604. Haskins, A.R., 2014. Unintended consequences: Effects of paternal incarceration on child school readiness and later special education placement.Sociological Science,1(1), pp.141-58. hrlc.org.au. 2016. [online] Available at: https://hrlc.org.au/files/FZEAUHUITS/Factsheet%20-%20Prisons.pdf [Accessed 17 Nov. 2016]. Johnson, E.I. and Easterling, B., 2012. Understanding unique effects of parental incarceration on children: Challenges, progress, and recommendations.Journal of Marriage and Family,74(2), pp.342-356. Liebling, A. and Maruna, S., 2012. The effects of imprisonment. 1st ed. Cullompton, Devon, UK: Willan. Maschi, T. and Aday, R.R.H., 2014. The social determinants of health and justice and the aging in prison crisis: A call for human rights action.International Journal of Social Work,1(1), pp.15-33. Schnittker, J., Massoglia, M. and Uggen, C., 2012. Out and Down Incarceration and Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,53(4), pp.448-464. Turanovic, J.J., Rodriguez, N. and Pratt, T.C., 2012. The collateral consequences of incarceration revisited: A qualitative analysis of the effects on caregivers of children of incarcerated parents.Criminology,50(4), pp.913-959. Turney, K. and Wildeman, C., 2013. Redefining Relationships Explaining the Countervailing Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Parenting.American Sociological Review,78(6), pp.949-979. Turney, K., Wildeman, C. and Schnittker, J., 2012. As fathers and felons explaining the effects of current and recent incarceration on major depression.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, p.0022146512462400. unsw.edu.au. 2016. [online] Available at: https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/health/sex-australian-prisons-facts [Accessed 17 Nov. 2016]. Wildeman, C. and Muller, C., 2012. Mass imprisonment and inequality in health and family life.Annual Review of Law and Social Science,8, pp.11-30. Wildeman, C. and Turney, K., 2014. Positive, negative, or null? The effects of maternal incarceration on childrens behavioral problems.Demography,51(3), pp.1041-1068.

The Massey Lectures

All Quit on the Western Front essays

All Quit on the Western Front essays All Quit on the Western, by Erich Maria Remarque, is a book that explores the true horrors of World War I thought the eyes of a German solider. This story is shows how World War I was not the glorifying war that some people envision it to be. The author uses the character of Paul to tell a realistic story of what the average WWI solider had to endure. This book raises the issue of how destructive war can be not only to a country, but also to a generation of a nation. One of the major themes in the story is that of the lost generation. What Remarque was trying to show, is that an entire generation was lost because of the war. Not only were millions of people killed in the fighting but also many of them were distorted mentally because of the horrible experiences that many of then had to endure. Paul talks about the faceless enemy and how the fight was not with anyone he hated. Paul was affected the greatest when he had to kill the French soldier in the ditch and hear him die a slow painful death. This one experience, of not only killing a man but also to do it close enough that he could put a face with his enemy, haunted Pauls mind. This was most likely a shared feeling with the soldiers at this time. They had to live though watching their countrymen die by being shot or blown up and continue fighting as if nothing should affect them. To deal with death is hard enough without having it shoved in your face. The fact of the matter is that an entire nation suffers when fighting a war. The county is physically destroyed and needs to be rebuilt. This requires money that has already been spent in a war effort. The major lost is that one generation of young adults that were forced to fight a war that they didnt understand. They were almost wiped out and those that did survive must live with the atrocities that they have seen. This is one of the main points illustrated by Remarque though the s ...

Environmental Analysis for a Daycare Facility Research Proposal

Environmental Analysis for a Daycare Facility - Research Proposal Example These too should be accurately defined in order to acknowledge the organization’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as potentials. In analyzing the external environmental analysis the PESTEL method will be applied. This means that political, economic, social, technological, and legal factors will be pointed out. The internal environmental factors will be studied through SWOTT, a method in which the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and trends are identified. External Environmental Analysis With all levels of government facing the need to introduce cuts in the budget, allocations for welfare and other services are in the process of being reduced. It must be noted though that this also happens to be shaped by contending perspectives on government spending from opposing political blocs. One of those that are badly affected by the political squabbles is the reduced budget meant for daycare facilities. The impending cost reduction measure is expected to result in the cl osure of several publicly run daycare facilities. If not, this would prompt stricter regulations for admittance. New York City provides one clear example of the said effect. According to a news report, â€Å"Mayor Bloomberg plans to eliminate 5,000 spots for after-schools programs and move an additional 10,500 similar slots for low-income children from local community programs to the Department of Youth and Community Development’s cheaper Out-of-School Time program† (Katz 2011). This is scenario that is basically taking place in many other cities in the country. Apparently, more children will be displaced, a situation that can be promptly addressed by the establishment of daycare facilities that are privately run and therefore, free from the current underlying politics of government fiscal policies. The current economic conditions have made it even more difficult even for middle-class families to allocate a particular amount of their monthly budget for child care. With incomes shrinking due to inflation, a growing number of parents have seen the need to both have a job. This naturally results in the necessity for child daycare facilities. However, the cost for sending a child to daycare has also increased significantly through the years, taking a big chunk of a family’s monthly budget. Five years ago, the National Association of Child Care Resource and Referral Agencies reported that the average annual fee for one infant ranges from $3,803 to $13,480 (Armour 2006). With recession occurring in 2008 and with the effects still felt even today, it is clear that the said range has increased several times. This only gives the idea that for a daycare facility business to work, it should present itself as a cheaper alternative to other similar private enterprise. As pointed out above, the weakened economy has prompted both parents to seek stable employment. As a consequence, children are left without parental care throughout the day while parents are out working. There is always the option of hiring babysitters but then, in most cases, the children are never given the necessary basic education by such individuals. Babysitter’s primary function is just watching over the children and preventing them from getting into accidents.

Gun Control Unit 2 Part 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gun Control Unit 2 Part 1 - Research Paper Example He pointed out that some resistance was expected form weapons, ammunition and arms industries, stating that it would be seen as an attack on them. Although only as few as four senators had agreed to support Chaffee in his quest to table the bill, he remained confident of winning more support. He was wary of refusal to hand over the guns immediately, but confident $5000 penalty thereon would compel criminals to gradually accept the ban. He was categorical on exceptional possession of the guns by police among other licensed holders. In attendance was Dr Burton Lee, the President Bush’s personal physician who was in agreement of Chaffee’s argument (Mulligan, 1992). The controlling idea in the author’s article is the legal platform being sought to bring in measures t control possession of guns by the public. It is clear that that his thesis is centered on the bill and the popularity it is likely to gain from supporters. From the reporters’ view on the bill that Senator Chaffee prepared for passage into law, some key support is lacking, such that the retired Supreme Court Chief Justice declaration for support of the bill gets such publicity. Apart from a few senators in support of the provisions of the bill, it is apparent that there is a considerable level of resentment from key quarters of arms possession stakeholders. Apart from the politics that goes with legislation, public safety enhancement lies squarely in the sealing of risky loopholes in the security policies made by the government. It might be argued that public opinion is the key to determination of policy and legislation, and so does the support of key bills, but a critical surgery of the underlying issues must be used to make the final verdict. How serious is possession of guns by the public? What popular alternative solutions could be offered in place of hand gun bans? Who could take a better

Memo - Investment Recommendation for Centagenetix Essay Example for Free

Memo Investment Recommendation for Centagenetix Essay After looking over the material regarding Centagenetix, I have a recommendation as to whether or not MPM should invest in Centagenetix. I realize that we have spent a great deal of time and resources on this project already, and that Harvard Medical School is anticipating that this deal will go forward. I also realize that backing out of the deal now could reflect badly upon MPM and upon you, but my recommendation is that MPM invest in Centagenetix at this point. The main reason is that if Centagenetix is actually able to create a product to increase human longevity, there are some major questions and concerns about first getting this product to market, as well as what conditions this product might carry for measurable efficacy and if the market will be willing to accept them. I will discuss other considerations shortly but I think that is itself a potential deal-breaker. Let us first consider the New England Centenarian Study (NECS). While it is a worthwhile and interesting study, with good correlations between family members and a sample pool large enough to provide preliminary findings, it still has some weaknesses. The two major ones being how geographically centric it is and the size of it. Scientists who study aging have long argued that environment and lifestyle play the largest role in longevity, but Centagenetix is setting out to see if that is incorrect: if there is in fact a heritable gene (or genes) for longevity. It would seem t hat in order to provide a strong argument that the study reaches beyond environment, there should be more samples from areas beyond the eight towns around Boston that the NECS used. It could also be a problem that the majority of the centenarians used had no history of smoking or obesity and were generally small in stature. Granted that using these samples, they found a linkage on chromosome 4, but this does not seem to match the homologous zones for longevity in the previously studied model organisms. There are possible correlations on other chromosomes that track with those model organisms, but the patent that they filed is for the 10 million base pair region on chromosome 4. I am also concerned that the first attempt to scale the study to a larger population resulted in a noteworthy decrease of the linkage’s strength. Scaling it up further restored the statistical strength of the linkage, but the overall strength and valuation of the IP remains in question. We also need to consider the possibility that this 10M bp region will contain genes that other groups are already studying and that the patent is not strong enough to survive a challenge. It is possible that these longevity genes will be related to insulin receptors or free radical management: two areas that several groups or companies are already studying. How strong will the IP remain when there is competition for these hypothetical genes? If that is the case, the company’s major resource will be its SNP datab ase of centenarians, which will cost at least another $10 million to get to a functional state, plus more money to expand and maintain it. I have not seen any market analysis as to how much companies will pay for access to such a database. While Millennium has a somewhat similar model, they are much more pro-active in what they offer their clients, and that is what arguably drives their profits. The database will be valuable, but just how valuable is an important question. We need to know what the likelihood is that building such a SNP database will turn a profit, who specifically would be interested in paying for its use, and how much they would pay. In addition, would Centagenetix receive any royalties or payments for products based off findings from that SNP database? These are important considerations, especially if the possibility exists that the SNP database will have to support the company for any protracted amount of time. There remains a conflict-of-interest issue with Tom Perls and Harvard. If he can be enticed away from Harvard, the study that the company is based on will potentially no longer be available. Perls will be a key founding member of Centagenetix, and is expected be motivated and incentivized to work hard. Without a stake in the company, it remains unclear if that will happen. We also need to consider that if Perls does leave Harvard, will BIDMC still allow Centagenetix the use of the NECS, or should we re-consider the proposal from Whitehead to buy them out? The value of the IP revolves strongly around the NECS and Dr. Perls’ work. There needs to be a much clearer sense as to if or how these issues will be resolved, or else MPM might own a major stake in a company that will require a much larger investment to restore the IP we have assumed they already have. Finally, I want to return to my main point: Aside from a SNP database, what is at the end of the Centagenetix pipeline? Let us assume that they do find a gene or several genes that directly relate to longevity and are not in conflict with another group or company, that they can find the function of these genes, and eventually develop a product built on that discovery. Presumably, the function of this product would be to increase longevity in humans. How would they run clinical trials for this, and how long would they take? If the measure of success is how long someone lives, might not the trials take far longer than is feasible for us to provide funding? Assume that they get past pre-clinical trials; will the FDA even allow such a product to be tested? I th ink that we need to know more about how the FDA would approach such a product, as it seems like the regulatory hurdles for this will not be what most pharmaceutical companies are accustomed to. They are not trying to treat or effect a disease state, but rather to increase longevity. Granted that Ponce de Leà ³n spent much of his life searching Florida for the Fountain of Youth, and that a product like this will appeal to the general public, there is likely to be some serious regulatory and clinical trial hurdles to get it there. We also need to consider how the medical community and public will react to such a product. It seems likely that, given how many of the subjects from the NECS lived relatively healthy lives, the product will have some stipulations about health for maximum efficacy. If the public is required to not smoke, or be obese before this product will work for them then that will significantly affect adoption. In addition, how would the medical community respond to so mething with claims of increasing longevity? I think it would be highly skeptical and cynical. There will be difficulty in both convincing doctors to prescribe it, as well as getting payers to compensate for it. This will presumably be a product that patients will take for the rest of their lives, meaning there will likely be a struggle for both adoption and compliance. The only real gauge of such a product will be how long someone lives, and it will be challenging to demonstrate proof that any increase in longevity is a direct result of Centagenetix’s product. Significant market research needs to be done that considers the varying scenarios for adoption and lifestyle changes, to see if the market size is as big as one would expect it to be. In closing, I acknowledge that other products may come out of Centagenetix that are related to actual disease states or physiological processes. It is possible that they will develop an impressive and profitable drug that is related to the longevity of the patients of the NECS and be yond. Heck, they may even discover the cure for cancer. Even so, there are far too many unknowns and uncertainties in this proposal. The strength of the IP is in question. The availability of the NECS and even Dr. Perl is uncertain. What an end product looks like and what sort of market exists for it. How much more money it will take if they need to build a SNP database to remain in business, or if they have to do another NECS-like study of their own. The risks and uncertainties are sizeable, and the question about actual market size is significant. I do not think that MPM should invest in Centagenetix at this point.

Soft Money: It?s Elimination from Governmental Campaigns :: essays research papers fc

Soft Money: It’s Elimination from Governmental Campaigns   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current use of soft money in the US Governmental elections is phenomenal. The majority of candidates funding comes from soft money donations. Congress has attempted to close these funding loop holes; however they have had little success. Soft money violates standards set by congress by utilizing the loop hole found in the Federal Election Commission’s laws of Federal Campaigns. This practice of campaign funding should be eliminated from all governmental elections.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1907 it was considered illegal for any corporation to spend money in connection with a federal election. In 1947 it was illegal for labor unions to spend any money in connection with any federal election. And since 1974, it has been illegal for an individual to contribute more than $1,000 to a federal candidate, or more than $20,000 per year to a political party (Campaign Finance). Congress defined this as a way to prevent the influence of a candidate or federal election. The so-called â€Å"soft money† which is used to fund candidates’ elections is defined as money which violates the Federal Election Commission’s laws on federal elections. In laments terms a simple loophole was created by the FEC in 1978 through a ruling which allowed corporations to donate large amounts of money to candidates for â€Å"Party Building† purposes (Campaign Finance). In reality, the $50,000 to one million dollar donations gives the candidate the power to put on the most extravagant campaign money will buy. This loophole remained almost completely dormant in federal elections until the Dukakis campaign in 1988, then fully emerging in the later Bush campaign, which utilized millions of dollars of soft money(Soft Money). This aggressive soft money campaigning involved the solicitation of corporate and union treasury funds, as well as unlimited contributions from individuals, all of which were classified for â€Å"Party Building† purposes. The way the money flows is basically from the corporation or union to the political party which the donator favors. The spending of soft money is usually controlled by the political parties; however it is done in great coordination with the candidate. Aside from unions and corporations special interest groups have been large supporters of soft money. These groups band together for a candidates such as groups for, textiles, tobacco, and liquor. The textile giant Fruit of the Loom, successfull y lobbied a campaign which stopped an extension of NAFTA benefits to Caribbean and Central American nations.

My Home Exercise Program

Keaisha Vernon August 22, 2012 English 095: Writing Skills My Home Exercise Program â€Å"My Home Exercise Program† is an essay written by Michele Wood, about a health conscious young lady who prefers working out at home than at the gym. She truly believes that this is the one and only way to keep oneself fit, nutritious, and healthy. â€Å"Exercise is the best way to combat the battle of the bulge† (Michele Wood). People spend a lot of money on expensive exercise clubs. She also believes it is nothing but just a waste of money. Her personal opinion behind this topic is, start working out at home to get a healthy and fit body with a happy life.For working out at home we have to keep three things in our mind, which are most essential. They are workout clothing (including t-shirts, baggy pants, and shoes), background music, and last but not least duration and frequency of work out. If we maintain these three things consistently, it will be very easy to build up a strong a nd healthy fitness. The first significant part of authors program is clothing. Loose fitting and comfortable dress are precise for work out. (Michele Wood) T-shirt and Baggy pants are considered as comfortable fittings.Shoes are also an important part of clothing because they have to hold us up all day long. Many people choose different brands for shoes. While we are working out, water is very important for our body. It really helps crucially to maintain hydration during workouts. The next part of the authors program is background music, video, and DVD. She owns several terrific video collections that she uses regularly. I want that body; Cardio Blast, Burn plus Abs are some of her favorite videos. She truly believes that background music should be motivational and enjoyable.The last part of her program is duration and frequency of work out. Many experts recommended that people should exercise thirty minutes at least three days a week. Once we get used to thirty minutes aerobic exer cise routine, than we can increase our duration and frequency of working out. We can visualize the result within four weeks or as many as twelve weeks depending on our individual metabolism. At last we can say that to keep a good, fit, nutritious and healthy body we have to maintain our regular exercise, and for that working out at home is the best option.

Children Must Become Competent in Reading Before They Have...

Introduction Writing has existed as far back as the 7th millennium BC and the 4th millennium BC, it first started with mnemonic symbols which later became a system of ideograms. In the early days people wrote on different things,such as silk,rocks,wood,papyrus etc. It wasnt Until the 15th century were parchment or vellum (calfskin) were used as pages for the first books. A book can be said to be a set of written or printed made of ink and paper usually fastened together or coupled electronically (e-books) for the purpose of storing or recording information. Collins and Cheek (1999) explained that reading involves a complex thought process in order to understand a writing or printed message. According to Rubin (2002), reading is a total integrative process that starts with the reader and includes the affective, perceptual, and cognitive domains. Okebukola (2004) affirms that,by reading books, humans have the tools to transmit knowledge from one generation to another; it allows one to listen to the wisdom of those who have lived in the past and so on. This even expressed by religious prophets. The Apostle Paul in the bible admonished Timothy â€Å"study to show yourself approved unto God (11 timothy 2:15). Islam values acquisition of knowledge (literacy, reading, etc.) As very important The holy Qur’an reveals that the first communication ( between Allah and Prophet Muhammad was intellectual. Douglas (2000) asserts that children must become competent in reading before theyShow MoreRelatedWhy I Am A Volunteer Program1527 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Dovercourt School is a bilingual school which provides English and Chinese program. The school philosophy is to believe that the students need to be engaged to be deeply successful in their learning. 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